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Drying practices

There is a wide array of techniques and behaviors around public drying in China - from vegetables and meats, to clothing, to the inventory of a store specializing in calligraphy brushes placed upon a patch of sidewalk in front of the store. Noteworthy drying behaviors aren't limited to space-constrained urban densities, either - I've recently seen stone walls become lettuce drying racks, and odd-length branches in wood piles hung with recently-washed shoes. 

Consider the practices that surround drying of different sorts of objects in your context - indoors/private or outdoors/public (and whether that varies by season)? Machine, line or rack (or monkey bars)? What are the infrastructure (built-in or improvised) and customs that support or discourage particular drying behaviors - and to what those behaviors apply ? Consider the factors causing that to vary (population density, education, income, electricity access, and so on).

Priorities

In an afternoon downfall, this caramel-covered crab-apple vendor stands under a tree nearby a pedestrian bridge. Like most street vendors, she wears her cash register slung in front of her. While she could have opted to design a goods display method that sheltered herself, it is unlikely that she would have been able to create one that adequately sheltered both herself and her inventory simultaneously and still be easily commuted with aboard buses and carried in a hurry if chengguan (城关 "sidewalk police" in charge of making sure no sidewalk-based trade is occurring) appear. Hence, she has prioritized the dryness of inventory over that of herself. Speed and compactness are valued over personal comfort when one is selling on the street.

When your means of financial support is also your means of physical support. When what allows you to provide shelter to your family must also shelter you.

Object-based advertising

"This cart is at your service
Contact person: [#]
Your satisfaction guaranteed"

The promise of service yet to be delivered. Consider the ways in which this is more effective than were a person standing next to it (or standing alone without a cart). Compared to someone standing and vocally advertising a comparable service, how is this superior? Inferior?

Considering the placement of the cart in the path visual/physical path of pedestrians, and the likelihood that one will glance at it in recognition of having to take measures to avoid it, the odds they will read its service message is high - a mild inconvenience/obstacle for most, an ideally placed service proposition for a few.

Rice candy (hi)story

This vendor cooks up blocks of rice candy in his home nearby, packs them into his carry-basket, and brings them down to this mini-park near a busy bus stop to patiently perform the work of breaking the larger blocks of candy into bite-size pieces and placing them into small plastic bags. The tool he uses to break apart the candy - picture a metal shoehorn that has been bent in the middle - also serves as "acoustic advertising": the sound of his hammer upon the metal implement notifies passersby of his presence.

Each bag of candy is one kuai, around US $0.16. He is 75 years old this year, and has been making rice-candy for the past 25 years. He offers up a piece for me to taste. "Just roll it around in your mouth, though, don't try to chew it or you'll end up like me!" he warns, revealing a gap-filled smile.

For the epicurious, imagine a "White Rabbit" - only with sesame seeds. The humble White Rabbit Milk Candy, by the way, has (I think) a fascinating history and could represent one aspect of China's modernization; from its humble "shanzhai" beginnings as "ABC Mickey Mouse Sweets", to their shining moment as a gift to visiting Tricky Dick, rising to become (arguably) the most popular candy in the world, to accusations of melamine contamination and the subsequent shift to using milk from New Zealand for production. The rabbit tale continues.

Fan of yours

A sidewalk-based fan repair business has repurposed the metal cages of several fans that were beyond hope of repair into their goods display and inventory solution. They allow the goods displayed in the seperate fan cages to be organized by function (one for knobs, one for switches, one for pivoting connector-joints, etc.), and also enable customers who have diagnosed their fan's problem themselves to select the parts they need from the relevant cage.

Besides holding fan components, fan bodies are also repurposed to function as bird cages - more on this bird vendor later.

Charcoal vendor

This charcoal vendor sources his charcoal from a larger broker who works out of a nearby downtown market. Although he needn't pay any "tea money" for the right to sell on the street, the larger broker he sources from must pay, as technically it is illegal to source charcoal imported from the nearby area that supplies the broker. At this point, he had only been selling on this corner for one month, and was uncertain whether he would have to pay any fees in the future. Although his displayed inventory appears small, he has more stashed in a safe place nearby as part of a strategy to minimize his risk and maintain the appearance of a small size. He does this in order to insure that he stays "under the radar" and continues to escape paying any "tea money". 

At night, his small table is lit by the fluorescent glow of the nearby illuminated signboard for an expensive/high-class restaurant located on the street. His customer base consists primarily of some of the local households that still use charcoal to prepare their meals, as well as several sidewalk-based restaurants on the adjacent street whose owners do not live nearby and do not wish to shoulder the extra burden of carrying charcoal on their journey from their home (or storage site) to their store site. The bags pictured here sell for 500 kyat (~US $.60), one of which can supply a household for up to four days worth of meals on their charcoal stove.

With the small stick of incense stuck into the corner of the table, one is reminded of the importance of acknowledging there are other forces at work determining the success of your enterprise in this context. Could anything be taken away from this business and have it remain recognizable as a business? Is it recognizable as a business to you now? If not - what would it need for you to consider it so?

Room for light (not for heavy)

Sign translation: 
"Entrance fee: 100 Kyats"
"Room for peeing - do not poo"
(In Burmese, the word for urine translates as "light", while feces is translated as "heavy", thus making it a "room for light - not for heavy")

First question: Wha...? Second question: Why here? My (debatable) take is that the lack of public space in Yangon (parks are both scarce and require an entrance fee) means that places that are not otherwise designed to function as public space are pressed into service as such. In this case, this "Public Mobile Urination Room" (or PMUR, pronounced "Peemur") happens to be located next to Sule Pagoda, the temple that forms the ostensible nucleus of downtown Yangon. Visiting the temple on a date with one's lover is a common practice (as temples are, critically, free to enter (for citizens of Myanmar at least)). Also, once one has finished visiting the temple and wants to linger afterwards (assuming one is on a successful date and not just a routine visit to make merit), there is a relatively desirable slice of public space for lingering in to be found in the overpass that connects the adjacent sidewalk to the island in the middle of the traffic circle upon which Sule is constructed. Sure, it may be cramped, noisy, lack formal seating options, and expose the lingerers to a constant barrage of vehicle exhaust fumes, but remember: visibility from the street is obscured by the structure of the stairs, and one cannot beat the price. Setting up a charge-to-access toilet is perhaps an acknowledgement on the part of city planners (assuming this toilet is publicly owned and operated - otherwise a whole new set of very interesting implications to consider) of the lack of functional public spaces for people to spend prolonged time in - and the implicit approval of this informal area around the pedestrian bridge as an acceptable public space. How long before ambient sensors or "smart sidewalks" can self-detect the sites where the greatest volume of people tend to informally relieve themselves? Such data could be plugged straight into a forecasting algorithm to determine whether establishing a pay-to-access bathroom at a given point would be worth the investment.

How was 100 kyats decided as the proper amount to charge for the privilege to urinate in a designated room as opposed to the sidewalk or the bushes? Is that price point attractive enough considering the service it offers and the "free" alternative behavior that one could engage in? Is this PMUR not actually intended to be a profit-making enterprise at all, but rather shame people who would normally relieve themselves there into going somewhere else (now that they are "guilty" not only of urinating in an inappropriate place, but now are also deprived of an alibi as to why they chose to do so instead of doing so in an approved space)? Is this just a "modernity prop" meant to convince the many tourists that wander past this point of the supposed cutting-edge sanitation practices that Yangon is embracing?

Also, I'm unsure what aspect of this structure is "mobile", as attempting to move a building filled with urine sounds, well, somewhat complicated.  I was tempted to try moving it myself, but decided against it. If anyone has any other PMUR sightings, please do share.

Unconventional storeroom

Possible only at certain (read: non-Monsooning) times of the year for this Yangon department/grocery store in the heart of downtown, the inventory from their various departments that does not fit in-store is kept across the street in their parking lot located beneath an overpass. The desk at the entrance both manages payments for use of the parking lot, and also handles stocking and logistics as employees cart and carry goods across the street. The added convenience of a stockroom located in the parking lot is that when a customer selects a particularly large item inside (a case of soda, a full-sized dresser, an ironing board, etc.) it is unnecessary for them to personally move it down the stairs and across the street as it is already located right next to the customer's car.

Bus stop bassinet

A longyi/baso, bit of thick rope, and some street-level creativity turns this bus stop into a suitable hanger for a cradle. The bus shelter is particularly appropriate in this repurposed role on account of it coming with a roof and its supporting pillars being wide enough apart to allow the mother to rock the contraption back and forth, miraculously enabling the baby to fall asleep despite urban Yangon's honking, yelling, selling, and general surrounding chaos. The mother's betel shop is positioned directly in front of the bus shelter - speaking to both the additional value that is wrung out of this everyday piece of urban infrastructure, and also the subjectiveness as to the "purpose" of that same piece of urban infrastructure. Bus stops are not merely for waiting for the bus, but also for providing shelter for sidewalk/street-based businesses, in the same way that many of Yangon's sidewalks are not intended solely for walking, but as (semi-public) commercial spaces available for rent.

With training like this from such an early age, I'm no longer surprised that I'm the sole passenger unable to sleep through the all-night music video and romantic comedy movies compulsorily blasted during overnight bus rides.

Valuing a repurposable space

This sidewalk-based key & lock guy repurposes his space by hanging keys, doorknobs, and other trade items from the window behind him (along with his sign, claiming he fixes any and all kinds of locks and also repairs, buys, and sells safes). Consider how the space for an informal sidewalk-based business is valued, and the factors that affect that space's value. Like other, more formal businesses across the world, such space is partially judged by more widely recognized metrics such as visibility to pedestrians, amount of usable space available, and so on. 

However, there are a few context-specific metrics that sidewalk-based entrepreneurs in Yangon must also consider. One of these factors is access to a building with reliable electricity that would be willing to sneak a wire out (that this vendor has a generator indicates that either a) the building owner is unwilling, or b) the electricity supply is not reliable enough). Another is the presence of means to hang a rain tarp (if there is not pre-existing overhang or rain shelter built into the adjacent building). Yet another is whether a vendor can securely store the elements that make up their business (table, chairs, tarp, generator, merchandise, etc.) to minimize the amount they must physically carry with them from their homes to their place of business. After all, it'd be a bit tricky to carry one's collection of safes around on a daily basis. 

What are the comparable requirements for sidewalk-based vendors in your local context (if they exist)?